BINCIKEN TARIHIN HAUSA: LABARUN DA BISHIYOYIN KUKA KE SANAR MANA.
SADIQ TUKUR GWARZO, RN.
08060869978
Kashi na biyu.
3. Kuka abinci da/ko Magani
Ba a iya kasar hausa ba, akwai kabilun duniya mabanbanta da suke mu'amala da bishiyar kuka. Don haka sanin alakar dake tsakanin wasu kabilun da bishiyar kuka zai amfane mu wajen sanin alakar kakannin hausawa da kukoki.
Misali, a kabilar Nkwici ta Kasar Malawi, ana kiran bishiyar Kuka da suna 'Bishiyar Rayuwa'. Saboda a cewar su, bishiyar na baiwa mazauna kauyuka mafaka a zamanin yaki yayin da mahara suka nufosu.
Sannan ana amfani da ganyenta da kuma 'ya'yanta don yin abinci gami da magani. Har ila yau, akwai canfe-canfe da dama a tattare da ita.
A kasar Madagaskar kuwa, an samu wata gagarumar Bishiyar kuka mai kimanin shekaru dubu uku, tsayinta zai tasamma kafa É—ari, faÉ—in ta kuwa an kiyasta sai mutane akalla goma sun kama hannuwan juna zasu iya rutsata. Mutanen yankin suna matukar girmama wannan kukar, har suna kiranta da 'Bishiyar Mutuwa', domin anasu fahimtar, duk wanda ya mutu a yankin, nan ruhinsa ke zuwa ya zauna.
A gundumar Linpopo dake South Africa, an samu wata gagarumar Bishiyar kuka. Tsayinta da faÉ—inta duk sun haura kafa talatin da biyar kowanne. Tana da kogo, wanda aka ayyana cewar mutane acan baya sun maida kogon wajen fira ko wajen fakewa, domin an samu wasu abubuwa irin na sojin-da da kuma abubuwan mu'amala duk aciki. Binciken 'carbon dating' na masana kimiyyar zamani ya kiyasta cewar bishiyar takai kusan kimanin shekaru dubu shida a raye.
Akwai kuma wani abu game da kuka da Marubuci É—an kasar faransa Richard Mabey ya ruwaito a littafinsa mai suna 'The Caberat of Plant' cewar Giwaye da manyan namun daji suna zuwa jikin kuka susha ruwa tun acan baya. Wai da zarar sun hangota alhali suna cikin É—imuwar kishi, sai aga sun nufeta da gaggawa, sannan su yage bayanta su soma lasa. ÆŠDaga bisani bincike ya nuna cewa bishiyar na iya tanajin ruwa sama da lita dubu É—ari gwargwadon girmanta da adadin shekarunta.
Don haka anan kasar hausa, tun da jimawa hausawa ke amfani da ganyenta wajen yin miyar abinci, 'ya'yanta kuma wajen sha, sannan sassakenta wajen yin magani. Watakila kuma shiyasa ba'a taɓa raba tsoffin garin hausawa da kukoki ba, misalin 'Yandoto, Maladawa, Durɓi, Goɗiya, Gaya, Rano, Baɗari da wasunsu.
4. Ana Sanin Matattarar Hausawa a babban gari daga kukoki.
A dukkan wani gari, akan samu wurin da Jamaa ke taruwa bisa aiwatar da wasu lamurori nasu na al'ada, cinikayayya ko wani abu makamancin haka, don haka a kasar hausa mafi akasari, gindin babbar kuka akan mayar izuwa cibiyar haÉ—uwa.
Akwai a garin Dugabau wata tsohuwar Kuka mai suna Jarmai (yanzu ta faÉ—i) wadda akace shekaru da jimawa a gindinta sadaukai masu tafiya yaki ko fatake masu kasuwanci ke sauka akan hanyarsu ta zuwa birnin kano.
Don haka kukar babba ce wadda tafi sauran kukoki tsayi da haɓaka, gamiɓda inuwa wadatacciya.
Akwai wata tsohuwar kuka kuma a tsakiyar garin Tsaure wadda take matattarar jama'ar garin domin tattauna mas'alolin da suka taso musu kamar yadda Mallam Nura Tsaure ya bamu labari. Irin waÉ—annan kukoki tsofgi ne, tayadda babu wanda zai iya cewa yasan lokacin da aka shukasu, sai dai a kamanta cewar sheksrunsu yakai arbaminya.
Watakila kuma bukatar inuwa ke sanya hausawa É“igewa da zama a karkashin bishiyoyin kukoki, amma tana iya yiwuwa akwai wani canfi mai girma a game da haka.
5. Tsohuwar Alakar Hausawa da Iskokai.
Kasancewar bishiyar kuka na É—aya daga cikin bishiyoyin da iskokai ke zama a samansu harma akance sarakunan aljannu da yawa sunfi yin fadojinsu akan bishiyar kuka, don haka akwai alamun jimawar alaka tsakanin hausawa da waÉ—ancan iskokai.
Mun sani sarai kafin zuwan musulunci kasar hausa cewa ana rayuwa ne acikin irin yanayin mai karfi shine da iko, don haka kusan kowanne mutum na zamanin yana kokarin rikar wani abu na canfi mai jiɓi da iskokai wanda zai rinka bashi kariya aduk sanda ya bukata, tare da bashi biyan bukatarsa.
Don haka, tana iya yiwuwa wannan canfin ne silar da kusan É—aukacin hausawan dauri suke shuka bishiyar kuka a muhallinsu domin samun watakariya daga makarai.
Zuwa yamzu dai, akwai bishiyoyin kukoki birjik a É—aukacin tsoffin biranen hausa, kuma akwai labaru da yawa daga yawa-yawan manyan kukokin cikinsu, tayadda wasu ma zakaji har sunaye aka basu. Ga kaÉ—an daga sunayen bishiyoyin kukoki masu É—aÆ´ke da wani labsri anan kasar hausa:- Kukar Boka, Kukar Gajere, kukar mai Rabo, kukar Allah ya isa, Kukar kwanÉ—i, kukar karaya, kukar bulokiya, kukar jarmai, kukar makuwa, da sauransu.
Karshen wannan rubutu kenan