KALMAR NAMASTE: TARIHIN TA! ASALIN TA DA KUMA ILLAR FAƊARTA GA MUSULMI.
*KASHI NA FARKO*
BY *Salafuzzaman*.
Ita dai wannan kalma ta NAMASTE wacce wani lokaci ace *namaskar,ko namashkar ko namaskaram* ta samo asali ne daga ƙasar India.
Namaste: wani lokacin ana magana da shi kamar namaskar da namaskaram, al'ada ce, ta hanyar tuntuɓar gaisuwa ta Hindu.A zamanin yau, ana samunsa a ƙasashen Indiya, kudu maso gabashin Asiya da kuma tsakanin yankin indiana mazauna duniya. Isharar (amma ba kalmar ta sanya masa suna ba) ana amfani da ita sosai a sassan kudu maso gabashin Asiya inda addinan Indiya ke da ƙarfi. Ana amfani dashi alokacinda ake gaisuwa.namaste yawanci ana magana dashi ne tare da ɗan baka da hannaye a matse wuri ɗaya, tafin hannu yana taɓa yatsu zuwa sama, manyan yatsun hannu kusa da kirji. Ana kiran wannan isharar *añjali mudrā*; Matsayin tsayar da hannu zuwa sama ana kiransa da *pranamasana.*.
*TARIHIN KALMAR NAMASTE:*
Namaste (Namas + te) ta samo asali ne daga littafin Sanskrit kuma hadewar kalmar 'namas' da mutum na biyu mai wakiltar asalin kalmomi a cikin maƙasudinsa, "te". Kalmar namaḥ tana ɗaukar sandhi a matsayin "naman" kafin sautin "te."
Ana samun sa a cikin adabin Vedic. Namas-krita da maganganu masu alaƙa sun bayyana a cikin littafin Hindu Rigveda kamar a Vivaha Sukta, aya ta 10.85.22 a ma'anar "sujada, kauna", yayin da Namayra ya bayyana ta ma'anar "girmamawa,gaisuwa da sujada" .
a cikin Atharvaveda, da Taittiriya Samhita, da Aitareya Brahmana,sun bayyana cewa: Wannan magana ce ta girmamawa da sujada,. hadayar girmamawa" da "sujada" a cikin litattafan Vedic da rubutun bayan Vedic kamar Mahabharata. Kalmomin Namas-te sun bayyana da wannan ma'anar a littafin Rigveda 8.75.10, Atharvaveda aya 6.13.2, Taitdashi n Samhita 2.6.11.2 kuma a cikin wasu lokuta da yawa a cikin rubutun Hindu na farko. Hakanan ana samun shi a cikin ɗakunan tarihi da yawa na zamanin da, da kayan gargajiyar mandapa a cikin gidajen ibada na Hindu..
*BANBANCIN NAMASTE DA ANJALI MUDRA:*
Alamar narkar da hannaye a yayin Namaste ana kiranta Añjali Mudrā. Baya ga Namaste, wannan mudra na ɗaya daga cikin matsayin da ake samu a rawar gargajiya ta Indiya kamar Bharatanatyam, kuma a cikin aikin yoga. An samo shi a cikin kayan ado na gidan ibada na Indiya da zane-zane a cikin mandapam, a ƙofofi da siffofi kamar Lingobhavamurti na Shaivism. Anjali mudra ya bambanta da Namaste ta hanyar nuna alamar ba da baki ba, yayin da Namaste za a iya cewa ko ba tare da wani ishara ba. A cewar Bhaumik da Govil, Anjali mudra da Namaskara mudra sun yi kama sosai amma suna da bambanci na daban. Baya da cewa babban yatsa a Anjali mudra yana fuskantar kirji kuma yana da alaƙa da wasu yatsun hannu, yayin da babban yatsa a Namaskara mudra suke haɗa kai da sauran yatsun.
Anjali mudra an bayyana shi a cikin rubutun Sanskrit kamar a cikin aya 9.127-128 na Natya Shastra (200 KZ - 200 CE), a cikin rubutun gine-ginen haikalin da aka yi bayan ƙarni na 6 kamar a cikin aya ta 5.67 ta Devata murti prakarana da waɗanda ke zanen da ake kira *Citrasutras:The Natya Shastra,*
Rubutun gargajiya na Indiya, ya bayyana shi a matsayin wuri inda hannaye biyu suka dunkule wuri ɗaya cikin girmamawa kuma ana amfani da wannan don yin addu'a a gaban allah, karɓar kowane mutum da ya girmama da kuma gaishe da abokai. Natya Shastra ta ci gaba da cewa don yin addu'a a cikin haikalin, ya kamata a sanya mudar Anjali a kusa da kan mutum ko sama, yayin saduwa da wani wanda ake girmamawa ana sanya shi a gaban fuskarsa ko cikinsa, da kuma kusa da kirjin mutum.
*WURAREN DA AKE AMFANI DA KALMAR NAMASTE:*
Ana amfani da isharar a ko'ina cikin ƙasashen Indiya, sassa na Asiya da sauran wuraren mutanen kudu, da kudu maso gabashin Asiya suka yi ƙaura. Namaste ko namaskar ana amfani dashi A wurin gaisuwa ce ta girmamawa da kuma maraba ga dangi, bako ko bakuwa.A wasu wurare, mutum daya yana amfani da Namaste don nuna godiya ga taimakon da aka bashi ko aka bayar ga wanin shi.
Namaskar shima ɓangare ne na tsaunuka 16 da aka yi amfani da su a cikin temples da kuma ko kowane wurin bautar *GUNKIYA POOJA* . malaman addinin hindu sun yanke hukunci cewa, yana da aiki iri ɗaya kamar na gaishe da baƙo ko wani. Yana nuna ladabi, girmamawa, da kuma karɓan baƙi daga mutum ɗaya zuwa wancan. Ana amfani da shi a ban kwana da girmamawa ga GUNKIYA POOJA.
Wannan wani lokaci ana bayyana shi, a cikin tsofaffin litattafan Hindu kamar Taittiriya Upanishad,
kamar yadda babban malamin hindu wato Atithi Devo Bhava ya bayyana *(ma'anar NAMASTE a zahiri, shine bi da baƙon kamar allah).*
Namaste ɗayan siffofi shida ne na pranama, kuma a wasu sassan Indiya ana amfani da waɗannan kalmomin iri ɗaya.
Tunda Namaste takasance hanyar gaisuwa ce, Firayim Ministan Isra'ila Benjamin Netanyahu ya ba da shawarar amfani da isharar a matsayin madadin girgiza hannu yayin annobar Coronavirus ta 2020 a matsayin hanyar hana yaduwar cutar.
*Zan cigaba a kashi na biyu*.
Amma kafin nan mu saurari wani bayani da babban malamin addinin Musulunci *Dr Zakir Naik* ya faɗa dangane da wannan kalma ta NAMASTE:
Ku biyo NI a Kashi na biyu
*#Salafuzzaman*