KAFOFIN SADA ZUMUNTA NA ZAMANI A MAHANGAR ADDININ MUSULUNCI // 09
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Mawallafi: Sheikh Aliyu Said Gamawa
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HANYOYIN SADARWA NA ZAMANI
Muhimmin ci gaban da duniya ta samu dangane da sadarwa shi ne ƙirƙiro da hanyoyin sadarwa masu aiki da fasahar wutar lantarki. Wannan kuwa ya fara ne a ƙarni na goma sha tara ta hanyar samar da fasahar aika saƙo ta 'talagiram' (Telegraph), sannan kuma 'tarho' (Telephone) ya biyo baya wadda wani mai suna Alexander Gram Bell ya ƙirƙira a shekarar 1876.
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Daga bisani ne kuma aka ƙirƙiro da fasahar yawo da saƙo a cikin iska ta rediyo (Radio waves) wadda ya tattara asalin hanyoyin zamani na sadarwa ta hanyar iska, watau 'wireless'. An yi ta samun ci gaba wajen inganta waɗannan hanyoyi na zamani har zuwa ƙarni na ashirin (watau shekarun 1901 zuwa shekara ta 2000), a inda duniya ta samu gagarumin canji wajen yadda mutane ke isar da saƙonni da isar wa a tsakaninsu.
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A cikin wannan lokaci ne aka samar da muhimman abubuwa da suka canja duniya baki ɗaya, kamar su:
1. A shekarar 1983 aka buɗe ƙofar amfani da wayoyin tafi da gidanka, watau (celullar Telephone system), a ƙasar Amurka.
2. Daga shekaru 1983 zuwa 1990 aka fara haɓɓaka fasaha da kuma ƙa'idojin amfani da yanar gizo.
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3. A shekarar 1991 kuma aka fito da wayar hannu ta farko a ƙasar Finland, sannan kuma Tim Berners-Lee ya samar da fasahar nan ta amfani da yanar gizo a duniya (World Wide Web) wato www.
4. An fara tura rubutaccen saƙo ta wayar tafi da gidanka ne a ƙasar Ingila a cikin shekara ta 1992. Wannan kuma shi ya buɗe ƙofar tura saƙonni ya isa ga wani mutum kai tsaye ba tare da wani shamaki ba, kuma nan take.
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Waɗannan hanyoyi na ci gaba da aka samu a ƙarshen ƙarni na ashirin su suka buɗe ƙofofin samar da juyin juya hali a fagen sadarwa da zamantakewa a tsakanin ɗaukacin al'ummar duniya baki ɗaya. Don haka ne a farkon ƙarni na ashirin da ɗaya, watau shekarun 2000, duniya ta sami wani gagarumin canji a bisa hanyoyin da bil'adama ke mu'amala da juna wajen sadarwa, cuɗanya da isar da saƙo.
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Rubutawa:- Shaikh Aliyu sa'id Gamawa
Gabatarwa:- Yusuf Ja'afar Kura
Daga
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